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In a panel discussion on Atomic and Nuclear Physics, one of the panelists explained the discovery…
In a panel discussion on Atomic and Nuclear Physics, one of the panelists explained the discovery of electrons by Sir J. J. Thomson and his model of the atom. She then elaborated how Geiger and Marsden performed an epoch making alpha particle scattering experiment which enabled their mentor Ernest Rutherford to put forward nuclear model of the atom. She concluded her thoughts by pointing out the drawbacks of Rutherford model and how Niels Bohr overcame them and proposed semi classical semi quantum model.
Another panelist presented his thoughts on Nuclear Physics and explained how Uranium nucleus undergoes fission and releases energy which is harnessed in a nuclear reactor. He also explained how a different type of reaction takes place in sun and releases a lot more energy which could be a potential resource for future harnessing of energy for the benefit of the humankind.
Read the paragraphs given below and answer the questions that follow.
(i)[1.0]
What conclusion was drawn by Rutherford from Geiger and Marsden’s experiment?
(ii)[1.0]
According to Bohr, how much energy is emitted by a hydrogen atom when its electron goes from third orbit to second orbit? Assume total energy of an electron in nth orbit is given by $E_n = -13\cdot6/n^{2}\text{ eV}$.
(iii)[1.0]
Why is the mass of a stable nucleus always less than the combined mass of its nucleons?
(iv)[1.0]
What is the function of control rods in a nuclear reactor?
(v)[1.0]
Write a balanced equation of a nuclear fusion reaction.
Answer
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From ISC 2026 Improvement Physics Paper 1, question 20.