Describe fundamental skills required for long jump.

Fundamental skills of the long jump: 1. Approach run: the athlete runs up with increasing speed along the runway in a straight line, to reach maximum controlled speed at the take-off board. 2. Take-off: the athlete strikes the take-off board with the take-off foot without crossing it, and drives the free knee and arms upwards to gain height. 3. Flight: the athlete stays in the air using a style such as the sail, hang or hitch-kick, keeping balance. 4. Landing: the legs are brought forward and the heels land in the pit, with the body moving forward without falling back.