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Phenol, one of the deadliest acids, contains a hydroxy group directly attached to the aromatic…
Phenol, one of the deadliest acids, contains a hydroxy group directly attached to the aromatic ring. A hydroxy group attached to an aromatic ring is also referred to as a phenolic group. Due to the presence of -OH group, phenols show many reactions similar to those of alcohols. The direct attachment of -OH group to the aromatic ring makes its behaviour very different from that of alcohols. That is why phenol behaves differently from alcohols in many reactions. The chemical reactions of phenol can be categorised as follows:
• Reactions involving -OH group
• Reactions involving benzene ring
(i)[1.0]
Write the chemical equation for the preparation of phenol from benzene using $\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4$ and $\text{NaOH}$.
(ii)[1.0]
What happens when phenol reacts with $\text{Br}_2/\text{CS}_2$ at low temperature?
(iii)[1.0]
What is observed when phenol is treated with neutral ferric chloride solution?
(iv)[1.0]
Write the reaction when phenol is treated with conc. $\text{HNO}_3$ in the presence of conc. $\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4$.
(v)[1.0]
Write the reaction when phenol is treated with chloroform in the presence of aqueous $\text{NaOH}$ at $340\text{ K}$.
Answer
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From ISC 2025 Specimen Chemistry Paper 1, question 19.