If the solution of the differential equation represents a circle, then find the value of .
If the solution of the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{ax+3}{2y+5}$ represents a circle, then find the value of $a$.
Answer
Answer
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Given $\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{ax+3}{2y+5}$.
Separating variables: $(2y + 5) dy = (ax + 3) dx$.
Integrating both sides: $\int (2y + 5) dy = \int (ax + 3) dx \Rightarrow y^2 + 5y = \frac{a}{2}x^2 + 3x + C$.
Rearranging: $-\frac{a}{2}x^2 - 3x + y^2 + 5y - C = 0$.
For this quadratic equation to represent a circle, the coefficients of $x^2$ and $y^2$ must be equal and non-zero (with no xy term):
$-\frac{a}{2} = 1 \Rightarrow a = -2$.
Final answer: -2
From ISC 2027 Specimen Mathematics Paper 1, question 1(xix).